HomeResearch › The URA price index, all 51 years
Updated 17 Jul 2026 · URA via data.gov.sg · 205 quarters, 1975-Q1–2026-Q1

The URA price index, all 51 years

TL;DR

Every Singapore property conversation eventually reaches “property always goes up.” The URA price index is the longest official record we have to test that — 205 quarters, 51 years of non-landed private housing, from 1975-Q1 to 2026-Q1. It does go up. It also fell -47% once, and spent an entire decade going backwards.

20.1×
Index 10.5 → 210.8 since 1975
6.1%
Compound growth per year, 51 yrs
-47%
Deepest fall (1981–1986)
36 q
Slowest recovery (~9 yrs, from 1998)

Fifty-one years in one line

URA Non-Landed Private Residential Property Price Index

Non-landed index (2009-Q1 = 100)Key eventsBelow prior peak
05010015020019801990200020102020

Quarterly, base 2009-Q1 = 100. Shaded bands = periods spent below the previous peak. Dashed lines: mid-80s recession, Asian Financial Crisis, SARS, GFC, ABSD introduced, TDSR, ABSD raised sharply.

Key finding: the index compounded at ~6.1% a year for half a century — but almost none of that came in a straight line. It suffered 4 falls of 10% or more, including -47% and -42%, and the 1996 peak took ~9 years to regain.

How far underwater, and for how long

The line above hides the pain. This is the same data drawn as a drawdown — how far below the previous peak the market was at any moment. Flat at zero means new highs; the valleys are the years buyers spent waiting to get back to even.

Drawdown from prior peak

0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50%19801990200020102020

0% = at an all-time high. The market has spent large stretches of its history below water — the mid-1980s and post-1996 valleys each lasted the better part of a decade.

Every major fall, and how long it took to recover

CyclePeakTroughFallQtrs downQtrs to recoverBack to peak
Early-80s boom → mid-80s recession1981-Q21986-Q2-47.0%2020 q1991-Q2
1996 anti-speculation → Asian Financial Crisis1996-Q21998-Q4-41.7%1036 q2007-Q4
Global Financial Crisis2008-Q22009-Q2-26.1%44 q2010-Q2
TDSR & the cooling-measure grind2013-Q32017-Q2-10.2%159 q2019-Q3

Falls of 10%+ from a prior peak. “Qtrs to recover” counts from the trough back to the old high.

The lesson in the table: the crashes were survivable but slow. The GFC was a V — down 26% and back in 4 quarters. The Asian Financial Crisis was not: a -42% fall that needed 36 quarters (~9 years) to get back to even. Holding power, not timing, is what got owners through.

The engine is slowing

Split the 51 years into decades and the story is not “steady compounding” — it is a structural deceleration. The 1970s–80s ran at double digits. Then came a genuine lost decade. Each decade since has grown more slowly than the last.

Annualised growth by decade

+12.5%1975–1985+11.9%1985–1995-1.7%1995–2005+5.9%2005–2015+3.8%2015–2025+2.6%2025–2026annualised price growth per decade

Compound annual growth of the non-landed index within each decade. The 1995–2005 decade was negative — prices ended lower than they started.

The lost decade: from 1995–2005 the index compounded at -1.7% a year — a buyer at the 1996 peak waited over a decade just to break even in nominal terms, before inflation. “Property always goes up” is true only if your horizon is long enough to outlast that.

Prime lost to the suburbs

URA splits the non-landed index by region from 2004-Q1. Rebase all three to 100 at the start and the received wisdom — “prime always outperforms” — inverts completely.

Non-landed index by region, rebased to 100 at 2004-Q1

CCR — +109%RCR — +150%OCR — +227%
10015020025030020052010201520202025CCR 209RCR 250OCR 327

Same base, same period (2004-Q1 → 2026-Q1). The mass-market Outside Central Region compounded far ahead of the prime Core Central Region.

Key finding: since 2004 the OCR is up +227% and the RCR +150%, while the prime CCR managed just +109% — roughly half the OCR’s gain. Cooling measures (ABSD hits foreign and investment demand hardest) and HDB-upgrader wealth flowing into the suburbs re-wrote the hierarchy.

What this means if you are buying

Three things the record actually supports. One: the long-run drift is real (~6.1% a year over half a century) but it is nominal and it is slowing — underwrite nearer the recent decade's pace, not the 1980s'. Two: drawdowns of 25–45% have happened roughly once a generation and recovery has taken up to a decade, so holding power beats timing — the buyers who lost money were the ones forced to sell. Three: the index is an average; the regional split shows how wide the dispersion around it is. Which project you buy, and what you pay for it, matters more than the index.

The index is the market. Your project is not the index.

Half the gap between a good and a bad outcome is the entry price versus what the property is actually worth. That is what our fair-value model measures, project by project.

See which condos trade below fair value ›  ·  New launch vs resale: which made more money?

How is this worked out? — source, base, method & limits
Source
URA Private Residential Property Price Index via data.gov.sg (Open Data Licence) — the “Non-Landed” series, quarterly, 1975-Q1 to 2026-Q1 (205 quarters). Regional split from URA’s non-landed index by locality (from 2004-Q1).
Base & method
Base 2009-Q1 = 100. URA compiles it with a stratified hedonic regression on caveats lodged at the option stage, using the value of properties transacted over the past 5 quarters as weights — so it controls for the changing mix of what sells.
New sale vs resale
URA does not publish a resale-only index. This series blends new sales and resales. Resale-only indices exist elsewhere (e.g. NUS SRPI) but are not URA data, so we do not mix them in here.
Cycles
Drawdowns are computed from the series itself: any fall of 10%+ from a running all-time high, with the quarters taken to reach the trough and to regain the old peak. Decade growth is the compound rate within each 10-year block.
Note: all figures are nominal — not adjusted for inflation, so real returns were lower, and the “lost decade” was worse in real terms. An index is an average of a whole market: individual projects vary widely around it. The latest quarter may be a flash estimate and can be revised.
For educational purposes only — not financial advice.